Study of substation and the protection

Abstract

In this thesis work a detail study on substation and its protection system has been done. An electrical substation is a subsidiary station of an electricity generation, transmission and distribution system where voltage is transformed from high to low or the reverse using transformers. Electric power may flow through several substations between generating plant and consumer, and may be changed in voltage in several steps. A substation that has a step-up transformer increases the voltage while decreasing the current, while a step-down transformer decreases the voltage while increasing the current for domestic and commercial distribution. The word substation comes from the days before the distribution system became a grid. The first substations were connected to only one power station where the generator was housed, and were subsidiaries of that power station. There some use protective device such as in a Circuit breaker, Relay, Isolator, Lightning arrester, Fuse etc. It is hoped that this work will be useful for future generation researches to find the relevant references to advance the research work in future.